Palaeolithic-type diet and the metabolic syndrome Essay

Paleolithic-type diet and the metabolic disorder - Essay Example metabolic disorder were randomized to a fourteen day dietary mediation with either a Paleolithic-type diet (n=18), in view of anthropological investigates or a sound eating regimen reference (n=14), in view of the rules of Dutch Health Council. Both essential and auxiliary results of the examination were estimated. Oral glucose resilience and attributes of MetS (pulse, glucose levels, stomach periphery, cholesterol levels) being essential. Intestinal penetrability, irritation and salivary cortisol were estimated as the optional results. Accentuation was put on avoidance of weight reduction. 9 men and 25 ladies with a normal BMI of 31.8 kg/m2 and normal period of 53.5 years were assessed. The Paleolithic sort diet brought about a general lessening in systolic and diastolic pulse, cholesterol and triglyceride levels just as an expansion in HDL cholesterol levels when contrasted with the individuals who were exposed to the reference diet. Be that as it may, the abdomen circuit diminished in all the subjects. Despite the fact that body weight should be kept stable, there was a general decrease in weight of the individuals who were exposed to the Paleolithic kind eating routine when contrasted with the individuals who were exposed to the reference diet. No progressions were noted in the intestinal penetrability, salivary cortisol or

Decisions in Paradise Paper part 1,2, and 3 Essay

Choices in Paradise Paper section 1,2, and 3 - Essay Example It is frequently observed that quick urbanization and the mechanical progressions have been liable for worldwide environmental change which may have added to the expanded recurrence of characteristic catastrophes, all through the world. Kava also is inclined to catastrophic events and simultaneously outer elements like fear based oppression and inner hardship, has created numerous protections among the nearby populace. Subsequently, we have to apply the procedure of dynamic that would assist us with deciding on the undertakings that are most appropriate to profit both Kava individuals and us. ‘Decision networks are best where you have various great other options and numerous elements to take into account’ (web). Choice Matrix Analysis would encourage us to reach to the correct choice since it fuses a colossal scope of variables for the different tasks that can be begun here. The different business alternatives may incorporate the travel industry, oil, gaseous petrol and farming produce. The couple of the striking elements that may impact the choice incorporate existing interests of the organization, fundamental cost, scope, nearby asset, neighborhood advancement and so on. ‘Using such a circulated evaluation system, the highlights of a scope of proof can be provided food for while the assessor isn't compelled to pre-total different kinds of proof into a solitary numerical worth. Both complete and fragmented appraisals can be suited in a brought together way inside the framework’ (Yang, 2001). Kava is presented with rich neighborhood crude materials which incorporate items like oil, petroleum gas, cocoa, flavors, sugar and so on. Another zone that has huge potential is the travel industry that can be formed into a thundering business. At first we should distinguish two regions which can be formed into solid business arrangement. Later the organization can enhance to present new territories for new pursuits. Consequently, taking a gander at

Can You Get a Cash Advance With No Bank Account

Can You Get a Cash Advance With No Bank Account Can You Get a Cash Advance With No Bank Account? Can You Get a Cash Advance With No Bank Account? Regular credit card cash advances do not require a bank account. Sort of. Its complicated.When you need quick cash to cover an emergency expense, there are a couple different routes you could go. You could visit the ATM and withdraw some funds, you could bring in a check and get it cashed, or you could even take out a payday loanâ€"though that one is by far your worst option.(Okay, no, selling your plasma to that guy Dmitri who hangs out behind the Panera Bread is your  worst  option. But a payday loan is a close second.)Your options become a lot narrower, however, if you don’t have a bank account. You can’t write a check without one, nor can you visit an ATM. Plus, many payday lenders will still require that you have an account before they’ll lend to you.A cash advance might be a good option, but can you get one without a bank account? The answer here is … maybe. For one thing, it depends on what you mean by “cash advance.†What is a cash advance?A cash advance is a type of credit card transaction. Instead of using your card to simply make a purchase, you can use a cash advance on your card to receive paper money. The amount that you withdraw is then added to your total balance, the same way that the cost of a normal transaction would be.Besides the money that you receive, cash advances differ from normal credit card transactions in three important ways. First, most cards charge an additional fee for taking out a cash advance. Typically this fee is something like “$5 or 3 percent of the amount withdrawn, whichever is higher.” So right off the bat, you have to pay in order to get cash with a cash advance.Second, cash advances do not come with an interest-free grace period. With traditional purchases, there is typically a 30-day window between when the purchase is made and when the purchase amount starts accruing interest. This means that if you can pay that balance off in full before the grace peri od ends, you can avoid paying any additional costs.But with cash advances, that interest starts accruing immediately. Between that interest and the cash advance fee, there’s no way to avoid paying extra money. Plus, the interest rates for cash advances are much higher than the interest rates for regular transactions. If you want to take out a cash advance on your credit card, it is going to cost you.(Tired of relying on cash advances for emergency expenses? Check out our blog post: Saving Strategies to Avoid a High-Interest Cash Advance Loan.)Can you get a credit card without a bank account?Why are we asking this question? Well, its because it gets to the heart of why answering this query is so tricky. See, while a credit card cash advance doesn’t require a bank account, you’re probably going to need a bank account in order to get that credit card in the first place. Theoretically, the answer is yes. But in reality? Its a no.If you are looking for a traditional unsecured credi t card, but you don’t have a bank account, youre going to be out of luck. Pretty much all credit cards are going to require that you have a bank account before they’ll approve you. Not having a bank account is a big red flag for themâ€"it means you’re much more likely to not pay back what you borrow.If you can’t take out a credit card without a bank account, that means you won’t be able to get a cash advance without one either.You CAN get a cash advance with a secured credit card or prepaid debit card.People who don’t have bank accounts can still apply for a secured credit card. With these cards, you make a cash deposit into an account that the card-issuer opens up for you. That cash amount then determines your credit limit. So a $500 deposit would mean a $500 limit. You could then use this secured credit card to take out a cash advance.But this arrangement raises the question: Why would you use a secured credit card to take out a cash advance when you could just use the cash that you already deposited to open the card?Well, the odds are good that if you’re in this situation, you probably have bad credit. Using a secured credit card and making your payments on-time is a great way to raise your credit scoreâ€"so long as the card-issuer reports to the credit bureaus.While secured credit cards often come with higher fees (not mention more fees) than traditional credit cards, using one of them is much preferable to doing everything in cash. Using one properly can improve your credit score over time, eventually leading you to a card with much better benefits and lower rates.You could also take out a prepaid debit card to take out a cash advance. With these products, the funds are loaded directly onto your card; the money is yours to spend, with no interest accruing at all. You can use one of these cards at an ATM to take out cashâ€"but it will probably come with even more fees than a standard cash advance would. Plus, unlike secured credit cards, a pr epaid debit card wont improve your credit.(To read more about other alternatives to traditional banking, check out our blog post: How to Survive in a Banking Desert.)Some “cash advance” loans don’t require a bank account.Remember earlier in this post when we mentioned payday loans? Those are short-term, high-interest no credit check loans that are designed to quick and easyâ€"but in exchange, they are much more expensive than a regular personal loan, and theyre aimed at folks who have poor credit scores. The typical term for a payday loan is something like two weeks, with an annual percentage rate (APR) of 350 percent.Here’s the thing about payday loans: A number of them advertise themselves as “cash advance” loans. And while most payday loans do require you to have a bank account, there are some that don’t. Many bad credit loans will direct deposit your funds into your checking account, but cash advance loans that don’t require a bank account will either hand you ca sh or will put the money on a prepaid debit card.These loans are probably the most dangerous kind of cash advance. For one, they are far more expensive than the kind of cash advance you’d take out on your credit card. For another, their short repayment terms make them exceedingly difficult to repay on time. And while that might seem like a mistake on the part of the lender, it might actually be a key part of their business plan.See, with predatory no credit check loans, the lender stands to make more money if you can’t repay your loan on time. This allows them (where it’s legal) to roll the loan over, extending the due date in return for you paying off the interest on the original loan term. The lender then charges you additional interest on the extended term, essentially doubling the cost of your loan.This rollover processâ€"where people are constantly extending their loans while never paying anything beyond the interest owedâ€"can easily transform into a dangerous cycle of d ebt. So while you might be able to get a “cash advance” loan without a bank account, we highly recommend you stay away from them.To learn more about the dangers of predatory lending, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:A Field Guide to Spotting Predatory LendersTax Refund Anticipation Loans Are More Dangerous Than You Think5 Alarming Payday Loan StatisticsWhat are you do when you need some quick cash?  We want to hear from you!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Comparing Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Essay - 1364 Words

Comparing Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Christianity most widely distributed of the world religions, having substantial representation in all the populated continents of the globe. Its total membership may exceed 1.7 billion people. Islam, a major world religion, founded in Arabia and based on the teachings of Muhammad, who is called the Prophet. One who practices Islam is a Muslim. Muslims follow the Koran, the written revelation brought by Muhammad. The Muslim world population is estimated at more than 1 billion. Islam is the quickest growing religion. Judaism is one of the worlds oldest religious traditions. Pre-modern Judaism constituted (and traditional Judaism today constitutes) an integrated cultural system of Jewish law,†¦show more content†¦After four years he began to preach openly in his native city of Mecca. Ridiculed by the Meccans, he went to Medina in 622. At his death in 632, Muhammad was the leader of an Arab state growing rapidly in power. The third duty of a Muslim is to pay zakat. This tax was originally levied by Muhammad ,and later by Muslim states, on the wealthy members of the community, primarily to help the poor. The fourth duty is the fast of the month of Ramadan. During the fasting month, one must refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and sexual intercourse from dawn until sunset. The fifth duty is the pilgrimage to Mecca. Every adult Muslim who is physically and economically able to do so must make this pilgrimage at least once in his or her lifetime. Unlike the other two major religions Judaism evolved form the Israelites who didnt deny the existence of other gods for other nations, though they only worshipped one deity. Its deity was Yahweh, the god of the patriarchs, who was worshipped in a sacrificial cult centered in Jerusalem and later at sanctuaries in the north, where a rival Jewish kingdom was formed. Prophets who warned against the peoples reliance on these temple cults saw themselves vindicated when both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed by foreign conquerors. The exile of the Judeans to Babylonia in 586 BC was a major turning point in Israelite religion. The prior history of Israel now was reinterpretedShow MoreRelatedComparing and Contrasting the Views of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism 1178 Words   |  5 Pagescomes to theism and the wold iew, one of the main questions that is asked by all is, â€Å"if there is a God or a devine spirit and if so what he or she like?† Out of the three main r eligions of the world Christianity, Islam, and Judaism all have different views on who God really is or isnt. So when comparing each of the worlds three main religions, it is best to start with looking at how each of these religions are similar before we focus on how different that they are. What each of the 3 main religionsRead More Comparing Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Essay739 Words   |  3 PagesSimilarities and Differences between Christianity, Judaism and Islam There are many similarities and differences between Judaism, Christianity and Islam. There are also many differences that separate the three major religions of the world. This paper will delve into all three of them. The major similarities that all three religions share are that they are all monotheistic. This all means that they believe in one god and that he is the supreme ruler of all things. They also believe thatRead MoreThree Main Religions in the Middle East 897 Words   |  4 PagesIran, Iraq, etc. The religions are Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. With the close proximity of these countries, but the differing views on things, mainly religion, creates some conflicts and hostility. In America, people are allowed to worship who they want, and believe in what they choose. When someone says they are Christian, there is not a lot of judgement passed, but in these other places, religion rules all. Today we will be assessing each religion and comparing them to one another. One of theRead MoreThe Three Major Religions Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesThe Major Religions Judaism, Christianity and Islamic Humanities 101 August 28, 2010 Strayer University The major religions in the world are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are monotheistic religions, namely they believe that there is only one God. All three religions believe that this God is the origin and source of all that exists. God cares about the entire creation and desires the well-being of all. God is just and has provided basicRead MoreIslam : A Powerful Religion1437 Words   |  6 PagesIslam emerged as a powerful religion in the seventh century. Prior to this, Christianity and Judaism dominated life throughout the Middle East and Europe. In order to develop as a system of faith, Islam borrowed ideas such as monotheism, an afterlife and many other concepts from the two prominent religions. Hence, Islam was revolutionary for the introduction of controversial values such as the rejection of Jesus Christ and its distinct differences in beliefs. Ever since its rise to popularity,Read MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1016 Words   |  5 Pagesthat keeps many people going in life but at the same time, the same reason our world has so many problems and has been torn apart. Through studying the main tenets in call, Judaism, Christianity and Islam were analyzed for weeks. Christianity and Islam take the cake for the two biggest religions in today’s population however, Judaism plays the smallest role. These three religions, although different, are easily able to be compared and contrasted because of all of the history and information we have attainedRead MoreComparing Islam And Baha I And Islam1264 Words   |  6 PagesWhether it be the various branches of Christianity, the Chinese religions, or even Judaism and Islam, they have so much in common when you work down to the roots of the religions. For starters, I will be comparing Islam and Baha’i. Part of the reason that Baha’i and Islam are so similar is because Baha’i gets its start from some of the base beliefs of Islam. Some of the similarities between the two are the fact that both have obligatory prayers. With Islam, a believer would pray five times a dayRead MoreCommon Threads Throughout Judaism, Christianity, and Islam1233 Words   |  5 PagesThe monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have over many thousands of years established many traditions and beliefs. Many of these are from their respective book of scripture such as the Bible, Torah, or Qu’ran. Others are from the interpretation of the religions over the many years from their leaders and the generational stories that have been passed down. Many of these can be seen as quite similar between the religions, but others can be considered unique to each one ofRead MoreA Comparison of Religions1177 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all differ ent types of Abrahamic religions. Abrahamic religions are the monotheistic faiths of the world. The most prominent of these are in fact Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, all of which can trace their religious origins back to Abraham (Bowker, 2008). Abraham is considered the ancestor of Israelites, the first Jewish believers, through his son Isaac. Isaac is generally associated with the foundation of the Israelite people while Abrahams other son, IshmaelRead MoreThree Religions : One God1467 Words   |  6 PagesReligions: One God Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are three of the most influential religions in the world. Together, they account for almost four billion followers. These religions are usually referred to as the Abrahamic religions. This is because they all claim Abraham as an important pillar of their faith. Christianity, Islam, and Judaism have many things in common, including a main place of worship and holy book, but within these similarities are some major differences. Christianity is a religion

Subjects, Verbs and Objects The Basic Sentence Unit

As seen in our review of the basic parts of speech, you dont need a thorough knowledge of formal English grammar to become a good writer. But knowing a few basic grammatical terms should help you understand some of the principles of good writing. Here, youll learn how to identify and use subjects, verbs, and objects—which together form the basic sentence unit. Subjects and Verbs A sentence is commonly defined as a complete unit of thought. Normally, a sentence expresses a relationship, conveys a command, voices a question, or describes someone or something. It begins with a capital letter and ends with a period, question mark, or exclamation mark. The basic parts of a sentence are the subject and the verb. The subject is usually a noun—a word (or phrase) that names a person, place, or thing. The  verb (or  predicate) usually follows the subject and identifies an action or a state of being. See if you can identify the subject and the verb  in each of the following short sentences: The hawk soars.The boys laugh.My daughter is a wrestler.The children are tired. In each of these sentences, the subject is a noun: hawk, boys, daughter, and children. The verbs in the first two sentences—soars, laugh—show action and answer the question, What does the subject do? The verbs in the last two sentences—is, are—are called linking verbs because they link or connect  the subject with a word that renames it (wrestler) or describes it (tired). Pronouns Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns in a sentence. In the second sentence below, the pronoun she stands for Molly: Molly danced on the roof of the barn during the thunderstorm.She was waving an American flag. As the second sentence shows, a pronoun (like a noun) may serve as the subject of a sentence. The common subject pronouns are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. Objects In addition to serving as subjects, nouns may also function as objects in sentences. Instead of performing the action, as subjects usually do, objects receive the action and usually follow the verb. See if you can identify the objects in the short sentences below: The girls hurled stones.The professor swigged coffee.Gus dropped the iPad. The objects—stones, coffee, iPad—all answer the question what: What was hurled? What was swigged? What was dropped? As the following sentences demonstrate, pronouns may also serve as objects: Before eating the brownie, Nancy sniffed it.When I finally found my brother, I kissed him. The common object pronouns are me, you, him, her, it, us, and them. The Basic Sentence Unit You should now be able to identify the main parts of the basic sentence unit: SUBJECT plus VERB, or SUBJECT plus VERB plus OBJECT. Remember that the subject names what the sentence is about, the verb tells what the subject does or is, and the object receives the action of the verb. Although many other structures can be added to this basic unit, the pattern of SUBJECT plus VERB (or SUBJECT plus VERB plus OBJECT) can be found in even the longest and most complicated structures. Practice in Identifying Subjects, Verbs, and Objects For each of the following sentences, decide whether  the word in bold  is a subject, a verb, or an object. When youre finished, check your answers with those at the end of the exercise. Mr. Buck donated a wishbone to the Museum of Natural History.After the final song, the drummer hurled his sticks at the crowd.Gus smashed the electric guitar with a sledgehammer.Felix stunned the dragon with a ray gun.Very slowly, Pandora opened the box.Very slowly, Pandora opened the box.Very slowly, Pandora opened the box.Thomas gave his pen  to Bengie.After breakfast, Vera drove to the mission with Ted.Even though it rarely rains here, Professor Legree carries his umbrella wherever he goes. Answers1. verb; 2. subject; 3. object; 4. object; 5. subject; 6. verb; 7. object; 8. verb; 9. subject; 10. verb.

The Impact of Tax Havens on Business Decision-making Free Essays

string(158) " tax havens can be used by MNCs to gain profits away from high-tax countries, but can also help to repatriate taxes from activities in low-tax jurisdictions\." Introduction OECD’s initiatives have exemplified that tax havens have attracted more and more attention in recent years (OECD, 1998, 2000, 2004). Compared with nonhaven countries, tax havens have lower levels of corruption, better political and legal systems, and that they could defer or reduce tax liabilities to other countries through strategic use of debt among subsidiaries or transfer prices strategy. A 100% owned abroad subsidiary of a multinational company (MNC) can manipulate their interests, management fees, transfer prices and royalties charges, which can cause the subsidiary to avoid some tax payments in home country. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Tax Havens on Business Decision-making or any similar topic only for you Order Now Generally, a MNC could minimize taxable income arising in high tax countries, increase investments in low tax countries to reduce the average tax rate on their profits, or in order to delay the investment income from high tax jurisdictions, they could keep these earnings in a very low-tax country before they are used (Miller and Oats, 2009). If firms can get low tax rates abroad, they may not bring the money back to their home countries which have high tax rate, as a result, when the MNC recycles its foreign profits arising abroad, these earnings could be exempted from being retained earnings or foreign borrowings. Tax havens could be used as a means to protect portfolio gains from foreign direct investment profits. This is mainly because the infrastructure in tax havens is much more suitable to mobile portfolio income. This paper through analyzing three aspects of tax havens: its characteristics; its role in international market; the practical uses, mainly explains the impact of tax havens on business decision-making. Characteristics of Tax Havens Actually, the definition of tax havens still hasn’t been defined standard. Typically, in tax havens foreign investors can enjoy very favorable tax regimes, such as low or nil withholding tax rates or corporate tax rates on all or certain categories of income. In recent years, although the national tax group shares more and more kinds of information, another feature of tax havens – bank or commercial secrecy laws – is still very significant. Tax havens are low-tax jurisdictions, and in these areas investors have opportunities to get tax avoidance. No matter in what shape or form of tax havens, these countries and jurisdictions try to gain competitive advantages in commercial competitions through their particular tax systems. These tax havens are often recognized as offshore financial centers, which usually means â€Å"any shifting of funds out of the country of taxpayer residence for tax planning or tax evasion purposes† (Miller and Oats, 2009, p226). In offshore financial centers transactions with non-residents often exceed the related domestic transactions to a large extend (Dixon 2001, as cited in Miller and Oats, 2009, p225). These offshore financial centers normally have favorable regulatory system, legal environment and tax regime; MNCs perhaps adopt new financial products quickly and flexibly in the favorable legal environment. Dharmapala and Hines (2006) illustrate some characteristics of tax havens compared with nonhavens. In general, tax havens countries or territories are virtually wealthier than nonhavens. They usually have smaller population size, and their geographical characteristics are more likely to be islands with scarce natural resources, which can easily lead to economic openness. They also have substantial differences from nonhavens in legal origins and political institutions. Typically, tax havens have stronger governance institutions than comparable non-haven countries, and they are more likely to be dependent territories, have better legal and political systems. The examples of tax havens jurisdictions include Hong Kong and Singapore in Asia, Luxembourg and Ireland in Europe, and some Caribbean island nations in the Americas, and that within some countries there are also low-tax jurisdictions, for example special economic regions in China. The Gordon Report, prepared for the US Treasury in 1981, states some more characteristics of tax havens. Income and capital in tax havens countries usually can get lower or zero tax rate and banking or commercial secrecy provides some opportunities to tax avoidance and/or tax evasion. There is no exchange control, but it provides a provision of offshore banking facilities. Additionally, tax havens often have good communication facilities and political stability; they can provide an opportunity for multilateral tax planning. Foreign capital in these countries can get favorable disposition; professional advisers are always available for foreign investors. Furthermore, their convenient locations and decent communications climates, especially the freedom from excessive regulations, The Role of Tax Havens in International Market There is a traditional â€Å"negative† view that tax havens play a disproportionate role in the world’s foreign direct investment (FDI) (Slemrod and Wilson, 2006), however, an emerging â€Å"positive† opinion of havens implies that their existence may not make high-tax countries get worse (Hines, 2006, 2007; Hong and Smart, 2007). High-tax countries may tax immobile firms more heavily, but tax havens impose lower tax rates on highly mobile firms. Given all other considerations equal, tax policies can affect MNCs’ FDI; lower tax rates could increase after-tax returns, thereby increasing investment funds. Generally, tax havens don’t have the responsibilities to provide the same function for all MNCs. The larger tax haven jurisdictions are (given the sizes of local economies), the greater opportunities taxpayers have to locate taxable profits. The same investment activities in countries with different tax rates may get very different opportunities for tax avoidance. MNCs can achieve tax avoidance in various manners, such as intrafirm trade, dividend repatriations, royalty payments, and intrafirm debt. Many enterprises use transfer prices within business transactions to reduce their overall tax burden, in fact, this approach is being widely suspected. MNCs typically can obtain certain benefits from allowing affiliates in high-tax countries to reduce the prices of goods and services provided to affiliates in low-tax countries. Transfer prices may be paid by groups not related to these transactions, however, when pricing issues relate to some special proprietary and differentiation provisions, this situation is getting to be quite complicated. Because of some legal looseness firms completely can adjust transfer prices without violating any laws. According to Hines and Rice (1994), tax havens can be used by MNCs to gain profits away from high-tax countries, but can also help to repatriate taxes from activities in low-tax jurisdictions. You read "The Impact of Tax Havens on Business Decision-making" in category "Essay examples" For mitigating double taxation a country can provide some credits to MNCs and use deferral policies before profits are repatriated. As a result, this approach may increase this country’s tax liabilities when repatriating profits earned in low-tax jurisdictions. Altshuler and Grubert (2003) state that through kinds of ownership arrangements tax havens can make deferral of repatriation taxes available. Practical Uses of Tax Havens A former employee of a Liechtenstein bank sold business information to Germany’s tax authorities, in February 2008 this international scandal was exposed. This news made some German residents being prosecuted for tax evasion, and meanwhile it attracted tax havens’ more attention on tax evasion issues, because some individuals use tax havens to avoid home country taxes illegally. Countries with income tax systems tax their residents’ overseas earnings, such as the interest, dividends and capital gains, whereas tax payers can evade these taxes because of some loopholds in bank secrecy laws. If foreign individuals don’t report their income arising in tax havens countries to their home country, their home country won’t know this income, because bank secrecy in tax haven countries will not provide information about these earnings to home country (Desai, Foley and Hines, 2004). As a general matter, individuals’ use of havens can be evaluated by foreign portfolio investment (FPI). International portfolio diversification provides insurance against the economic risks from investor’s home country, so investors can get substantial gains (French and Poterba, 1991). Investors have many nontax advantages for international diversification in tax havens, whereas they have to spend some efficiency costs on the benefits of FPI. For the purpose of evasion more and more investors locate their portfolios abroad, however, the issues of fairness and confidence in the tax system is undermined (Desai, Foley and Hines, 2006a). The costs caused by individuals’ use of tax havens largely depend on the degree of tax evasion. Some significant amounts of revenues are lost by countries as a result of illegal tax evasion through havens. Firms also invest large amounts in tax havens, but the firms using of havens may be quite different from individuals. The firms, which prefer to operate in tax havens, are most active abroad, technology-intensive and with extensive intrafirm trade, and these firms always are large MNCs. In order to get tax avoidance in tax haven operations, these firms could allocate taxable income away from high-tax jurisdictions. In larger tax haven jurisdictions the firms primarily reallocate taxable income, whereas in smaller tax haven countries the primary use of these firms is to facilitate deferral of home country taxation of foreign income. If a tax haven operation could generate a 1.5 to two percent greater sales and investment growth, in non-haven countries it’s only one percent greater likelihood (Desai, Foley and Hines, 2006b). Generally, these firms are not seeking to evade home country corporate taxes; they use tax havens for getting tax planning activities and tax avoidance lega lly. MNCs can use havens to defer or reduce their tax liabilities to other governments. Most nonhaven countries have two approaches to taxing their resident corporations’ overseas income: a â€Å"worldwide† system (used by the US, the UK and Japan) provides a foreign tax credit (FTC) for taxes paid to foreign governments to avoid the double taxation; a â€Å"territorial† system (used by most capital exporting countries, such as Germany and the Netherlands) exempts abroad income from home country taxation (Hong and Smart, 2007). For MNCs in territorial countries, income from the home country or some other high-tax country could be reallocated to a tax haven. Actually, a worldwide system is not pure, for example the US allows the taxation of overseas earnings to be deferred until these earnings are â€Å"repatriated† to the US. Moreover, the tax paid to the tax haven government is low or nil, thus, MNCs based in countries prefer to use tax havens to reduce or def er their tax liabilities, and they can use of debt among affiliates and transfer pricing to achieve this aim. When subsidiaries of a MNC trade between themselves, the prices they used can affect the allocation of the MNCs’ income within different jurisdictions. Governments generally ask firms to use â€Å"arm’s-length† prices; however, arm’s-length markets may don’t exist for some transactions. Take intellectual property for example, subsidiaries of same MNC can choose the place to locate research and development activities in order to attract other subsidiaries’ royalty payments into lower-tax countries; or MNCs can also have affiliates in tax havens lend to affiliates in high-tax jurisdictions. This â€Å"interest stripping† or â€Å"earnings stripping† generates interest deductions in high-tax jurisdictions and makes interest payments flowing towards low-tax jurisdictions (Desai and Dharmapala, 2006). Though governments impose some restrictions on capital structure to restrict this situation, apparently it’s less successful. Conclusion In many countries the governments make policies to reduce the tax burden of their residents, but they cannot make people avoid taxes totally. If the exemption method of taxation is used simply, the residents may pay nothing on their income arising in a tax heaven country. Thus, there is a limited relief on the income from tax haven countries. The firms in tax haven countries could reallocate taxable income earned in high-tax jurisdictions and defer repatriation taxes on income from low-tax jurisdictions. Operations of MNCs in tax haven countries can be treated as part of their international tax avoidance strategies. Tax havens usually attract MNCs to establish affiliates there, and high RD industries and intrafirm trades with large volumes prefer to invest there as well. Presumably, larger tax haven countries are likely more suitable for subsidiaries to reallocate income, and to reflect the effects of transfer pricing enforcement. Apparently, firms investing abroad at faster rates ar e more likely to establish new tax haven operations to avoid taxes. References Altshuler, R. and Harry, G. (2003) Repatriation taxes, repatriation strategies and multinational financial policy. Journal of Public Economics, 87 (73)-107 Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F. and Hines, J. R., Jr. (2004) Economic Effects of Regional Tax Havens. NBER Working Paper, No. 10806 Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F. and Hines, J. R., Jr. (2006a) The Demand for Tax Haven Operations. Journal of Public Economics, 90: 513-531 Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F. and Hines, J. R., Jr. (2006b) Do Tax Havens Divert Economic Activity?. Economics Letters, 90: 219-224 Desai, M. A. and Dharmapala, D. (2006) Corporate Tax Avoidance and High Powered Incentives. Journal of Financial Economics, 79: 145-179 Dharmapala, D. and Hines, J. R., Jr. (2006) Which Countries Become Tax Havens?. NBER Working Paper, NO. 12802 French, K. R. and Poterba, J. M. (1991) Investor Diversification and International Equity Markets. American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 81: 222-226 Hines, J. R., Jr. and Rice, E. M. (1994) Fiscal Paradise: Foreign Tax Havens and American Business. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109: 149-182 Hines, J. R., Jr. (2006) Will Social Welfare Expenditures Survive Tax Competition?. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 22: 330-348 Hines, J. R., Jr. (2007) â€Å"Corporate Taxation and International Competition† In A. J. Auerbach, Hines, J.R., Jr. and Slemrod, J. (eds.) Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century. UK: Cambridge University Press. Hong, Q. and Smart, M. (2007) In Praise of Tax Havens: International Tax Planning and Foreign Direct Investment. CESIfo Working Paper, No. 1942 Miller, A. and Oats, L. (2009) Principles of International Taxation. 2nded. UK: Tottel Publishing, Haywards Heath. pp. 225-229 OECD (1998) Harmful Tax Competition: An Emerging Global Issue.Paris: OECD OECD (2000) Towards Global Tax Cooperation: Progress in Identifying and Eliminating Harmful Tax Practices. Paris: OECD. OECD (2004) The OECD’s Project on Harmful Tax Practices: The 2004 Progress Report. Paris: OECD. Slemrod, J. and Wilson, J. D. (2006) Tax Competition with Parasitic Tax Havens. NBER Working Paper, No. 1225 How to cite The Impact of Tax Havens on Business Decision-making, Essay examples

Brazilian Jujitsu Vs Kickboxing Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Brazilian Jujitsu Vs. Kickboxing Essay, Research Paper Compare A ; Contrast Essay The growing of assorted soldierly art signifiers across the Earth leaves an unsurmountable figure of surveies for one to take. Weather for self-defence or personal benefits the scope of Art signifiers are every bit diverse as they are expansive. The high quality of one art signifier over another can be easy argued. Having studied the humanistic disciplines of Thai kickboxing and Brazilian jujutsu, I have determined the latter of the two to be the more effectual contending art. The two art signifiers both originate in Asia. Kickboxing began in the Southeast Asiatic state of Thailand, and has traveled and expanded across many parts of the universe where it has been modified by other civilizations bring forthing alone sub humanistic disciplines such as American kickboxing. Jujitsu traces its paths back to antediluvian Japan. Finally Nipponese jujutsus made its manner to Brazil where it has been transformed over the last few centuries into modern Brazilian jujutsu. We will write a custom essay sample on Brazilian Jujitsu Vs Kickboxing Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are two major different types of soldierly humanistic disciplines, striking humanistic disciplines and coping humanistic disciplines. Kickboxing is what is known as a dramatic art, and jujutsu is a grappling art. Kickboxing consists of a series of speedy blows, utilizing assorted parts of the organic structure such as the cubituss, articulatio genuss, shins, and the caput. Jujitsu utilizes the usage of assorted locks and holds that can be used to rapidly interrupt the limbs of an opposition or render them unconscious. Kickboxing includes a batch of fast maneuvering and centres on the thought of utilizing the strong parts of you R organic structure to stultify your opposition in a fleet onslaught. Jujitsu is a more defensive and arguably more proficient art that relies on forbearance and capitalising on an oppositions violative errors. The domination of jujutsu over kickboxing can be made clearly apparent in a conjectural caput to head matchup of every bit studied opposite numbers. The kick-boxers success would trust to a great extent upon the initial interaction of the battle ; seeking to disorient the opposition instantly with a speedy bombardment of work stoppages. If the kick-boxer connects solidly so the battle may be over right off. However effectual in a street battle this maneuver is seldom as successful against a trained wrestler such as a jujitsu pupil. A speedy onslaught leaves the kickboxer vulnerable to a take down or throw from his antagonist, normally non a hard manoeuvre on a striker who is non used to supporting such aggression. Once on the land the kickboxers work stoppages lose about all their baleful power with no purchase behind the blows they throw. It is now all but over as the wrestler takes control of the striker, who has little or no cognition of land combat, and coatings him easy. Arguing the Superiority of any active art over anthers a argument that will ever populate on every bit long as contending exists. The adeptness and strength of the striker versus the forbearance and timing of the wrestler may non ensue in the same result for every battle, but from general experience and all about usage the effectivity of the art of Jujitsu greatly outweighs that of kick-boxing.

Women and the Evolution of World Politics

Synopsis Thesis statement:Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Women and the Evolution of World Politics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In a status hierarchy, men are closely associated with such phenomena as aggression, intense competition, violence, and war1. Main points of the article In the animal kingdom, violence within a species is rare but when it occurs, it is often limited to infanticide by males who desire to mate with the mother and eradicate a rival’s offspring. In chimps, like in humans, males are the ones involved in coalition building and violence Whereas male chimps practice realpolitik, their female counterparts have relationships Male bonding is to a large extent, genetic, and tends to predate the human species The noble savage idea holds that patriarchy and violence are either rooted in capitalism or the Western-Judeo Christian tradition The systematic mass killings of women, men and children that took place in Neolithic times were largely due to violence perpetrated by men. The same could be said of Cambodia, Bosnia, and the Holocaust. All Western and postindustrial societies are moving towards a world run by women, which would essentially follow different rules from one run by men. 1. Francis, Fukuyama, â€Å"Women and the evolution of world politics†, Foreign Affairs 77, no. 5 (1998): 24-40 Although women have risen in terms of leadership positions, men are still expected to play a pivotal role in matters governance, especially in postindustrial countries Males and females experience profound differences and these are mainly genetic, more than culturally rooted. One of the clearest differences between the sexes (male and female) is with respect to aggression and violence. Because men are more prone to violence and aggression compared with women, in a truly matriarchal; world, we are likely to witness less conflict, more cooperation and concil iation that is the case today. Men harbor aggressive tendencies towards each other and it is very hard to eliminate this. Connections to Environment The article has addressed the issue of environment adequately. For example, the author reports of a study carried out by Frans de Waal, a primatologist, on a chimp colony at a zoo in Netherlands where a young male chimp formed a coalition with another younger and energetic male chimp to unseat the aging alpha male of the colony1. The article has also talked of how a group of chimps in a national park in Tanzania. In a study that was carried by Jane Goodwall, the aforementioned group of chimps broke into two factions- the southern faction, and the northern one. 1. Francis, Fukuyama, â€Å"Women and the evolution of world politics†, Foreign Affairs 77, no. 5 (1998): 24-40 The article reports how a group of chimps from the northern gang would pounce on unsuspecting members of the southern group and kill them in a grisly attack. Thi s happened until all the males and several females had been murdered. Other females joined the northern gang.Advertising Looking for critical writing on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Culture The article has also addressed the issue of culture at length. For example, it talks of the higher murder rates among the Kung San who inhabits the Kalahari Desert. It also talks of how the American men have always been more supportive of the country’s involvement in war, such as the Gulf War, and the war with Iraq, compared with their female counterparts2. Moreover, the author of this article talks of how as human beings, we have been socialized to think of a man as being superior to a woman, despite the fact that women can also accomplish similar fetes to those accomplished by men. Governance and security With regard to the issue of politics, the author talks of the desire by nearly all feminists to see enhanced female participation in political affairs. The article further observes that such female leaders as Margaret Thatcher proved to be more determined and tougher than her male opponents and as such, she managed to beat them at their own game3. Additionally, the article talks of the need for masculine policies to govern the people in the future so that they can deal with deal with male leaders who rule with an iron fist. 2. Charli, Carpenter, â€Å"Gender Theory in World Politics: Contributions of a Nonfeminist Standpoint?†, International Studies Review, 4, no. 3 (2002): 153-165 3. Bruce, Russett, Harvey, Starr, and David, Kinsella, World Politics: The Menu for Choice. (Stamford, Mass: Cengage Learning). The author has also observed that the interaction between demographic trends and the feminization of democratic politics will result in the emergence of elderly women as an important voting bloc in the future. Resources and development The article has also dwelt on the issue of r esources whereby there is a battle for domination in order to determine who takes control of scarce resources. For example, the article has given example of groups of chimps who have had to fight over a territory whereby the weaker of the two groups loses not just their territory, but also the resources contained therein4.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Women and the Evolution of World Politics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The same case goes for countries or communities that go to war in order to capture certain territories for the control of resources. Among savage communities, there are reports of young men fighting over a female. Critique and reflection Critique I am in agreement with the author’s thesis statement to the effect that in a status hierarchy, men are closely associated with such phenomena as violence, aggression, intense competition, and war. This is because women are rarel y portrayed as being aggressive, perhaps because society has conditioned us to accept that men are the ones who should be aggressive and violent, and not women. Most of the times, women, fall under the shadows of their male counterparts because we are living in a patriarchal society. 4. Ann, Tickner, â€Å" Why Women Can’t Run the World: International Politics According to Francis Fukuyama†, International Studies Review 1, no. 3, (1999): 3 – 11. On the other hand, this is not to say that women cannot be equally aggressive and intensely competitive as their male counterparts; the only expectation is that women can do so without portraying instances of violence. We have also had women leaders such as Margaret Thatcher who triumphed as a political leader in an area hitherto dominated by men. Conquering and dominating the weaker race appears to be the forte of men but it would be interesting to see whether this would change if women were to dominant global politics. Reflection The implication that one gets after reading the article is that we are lily to witness a shift in global power from a predominantly male dominated society to one where females have more say on issues of politics and governance. In the next few decades, there will be more elderly women among the population in European countries and for this reason these women will undoubtedly aspire to form a formidable political bloc. This is likely to affect their voting pattern and depending on the path that they choose to take, one thing that we can be user of is that there will be more women leaders occupying elective post, compared to the current number. Such women leaders will in effect try to champion their own policies with the aim of achieving gender parity. Bibliography Carpenter, Charli, â€Å"Gender Theory in World Politics: Contributions of a Nonfeminist Standpoint?†, International Studies Review, 4, no. 3 (2002): 153-165Advertising Looking for critical writing on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fukuyama, Francis, â€Å"Women and the evolution of world politics†, Foreign Affairs 77, no. 5 (1998): 24-40 Russett, Bruce, Starr, Harvey, and Kinsella, David. World Politics: The Menu for Choice. (Stamford, Mass: Cengage Learning). Tickner, Ann, â€Å" Why Women Can’t Run the World: International Politics According to Francis Fukuyama†, International Studies Review 1, no. 3, (1999): 3 – 11. This critical writing on Women and the Evolution of World Politics was written and submitted by user Yehuda V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

What You Can Learn From Obamas Biggest Failure

What You Can Learn From Obamas Biggest Failure Everybody fails. Even the fanciest and most successful of celebrities, historical figures, and our most idolized idols. Including the President of the United States, Barack Obama. Here’s a look at Obama’s biggest failure in his career and how it paved his path to the presidency. You know Barack Obama as the 44th President of the United States and an all-around successful  guy, helping dig the economy out of it’s 2008 chasm, presiding over recovery, stimulating job growth, improving global opinion, etc., But did you know that he was once a big fat failure? Really.He lost. Big time.His first bid for national office was a total flop. Having spent two terms in the Illinois Senate, he made a run for Congress in 2000- running as a practical nobody against an opponent who was both a household name and had a 70% approval rating. His first failure was choosing the race. His second? The race itself. He lost by 31 points.Part of this was out of his control. His opponentâ €™s son was shot and killed during the campaign. And while Obama suspended his campaign for a month and worked to help champion gun control legislation, circumstances found him stuck in Hawaii caring for his sick daughter when the vote occurred. The story told by the news media? He was lounging on a beach instead of helping to make Illinois a safer place.He made up for it.What matters is what he did with that failure. First he went back to the state Senate, then he ran successfully for U.S. Senate in 2004. Somewhere in there he retooled his message, shooting bigger and higher, focusing on hope. He wrote his book, The Audacity of Hope, and set his sights on the presidency.Without that one humbling failure, Obama may never have had to do the kind of soul-searching and message re-thinking he did in 2002. The next time you fail, take a few steps back and remember how a guy from Chicago went from getting spanked in a run for Congress, and turning that failure into the spectacular suc cess of a two-term presidency of the United States.President Obama: A Profile in Failure

Malcome X Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Malcome X - Essay Example For instance, Malcolm family was harassed a number of times by the ‘Ku Klux Klan’ group. The harassment made the family to move to Michigan. Nevertheless, the situation worsened when their house was set on blaze while the Whites watched the fire consume the entire house. The police force also watched as the house burnt down. In a few years, after the fire incidence, Malcolm’s father was found dead along the streets. Despite Little receiving threats of death from the White racists, the police force dismissed the claims of threats citing that Malcolm’s father committed a suicide. Malcolm’s mother suffered a shock as a result of Little’s demise. She was placed in a mental institution where she succumbed to death. These circumstances were experienced by Malcolm, whose father was a local activist. While in school, Malcolm claims that his schoolmates treated him like a pet as opposed to a human person. However, Malcolm was reported to be a diligent student in class, an aspect that saw him elected the class leader. Perhaps his life experiences led to his courageous stance while advocating the rights of blacks. Malcolm’s opponents accused him of propagating racism and violence. However, he remains amongst the most influential blacks in the US. Being a gifted and influential orator, a majority of his quotes are still honored by a large number of his followers, as well as the lovers of freedom, equality and justice among various races. In one sense, we were huddled in there, bonded together in seeking security, warmth and comfort from each other, and we didn’t know it. All of us, who might have probed space, cured cancer, or built industries, were, instead, black victims of the White’s social system (Malcolm 1). This is an emotional Malcolm’s quote that was recorded while giving a speech. The author specifically speaks about the ‘Harlem’ club. The author refers to the night club as a place that sees a multitude people of the same suffering, especially racism; they gather for a consolation and experiencing good time. The author refers to the crowd as a network of families. The night club is majorly perceived as a private place where the victims of racism find a rest. Malcolm saw a difference between the night club and the external racism among the whites. Generally, individuals that frequent the club are perceived as the victims of racism. These individuals understand the reality of capitalism, and are ready to tolerate the life of the ghetto. As a result, the night club has turned out to be a place where the blacks experience comfort. Although a large number of the blacks frequent the night club, a few of them understand the relationship between their survival and the network. Despite the regulars being belligerent and hustlers outside the club, they feel secure and comfortable while in the club. In addition, the quote reflects on the lost opportunities by the African-American masses. Malcolm refers to blacks as a society that is characterized by a hustling life. There are a number of competent blacks that would have begun successful businesses, but have perished in poverty due to lack of capital and opportunities. There are a good number of African-Americans that have

Diana Coole and Samantha Frost argue that social and political enquiry Essay

Diana Coole and Samantha Frost argue that social and political enquiry needs a new ontology which incorporates matter. Why Wha - Essay Example Coole and Frost insist that emerging realities in the fields of sciences, arts, geography, and other disciplines are sufficient proof that matter contains more active and viable qualities that previously thought. A precise understanding of the case made by the two thinkers regarding the need for ontological reviews of political and social inquiries should begin with an assessment of the new qualities, which they assign to matter. Coole and Frost argue that matter is an excess and a force (Coole & Frost, 2010). By this, they imply that it can influence actions, activities, and processes in as many areas as it is represented. Furthermore, the two philosophers adopt the position that matter has some form of relationality and an element of difference. According to their argument, these qualities make matter active, unpredictable, self-creative, and productive. These new perceptions of matter foster alternative views regarding the influence and relationship between matter and discourses s uch as political and social realities. Coole and Frost engages significantly with the problem of dualism, which poses problems in dealing with the cultural theory. Within the context of new materialism, the two authors seek to entrench the view that the mind is essentially a material entity. By this position, new materialism challenges the views adopted by transcendentalism and humanism, which emphasize on the duality between the mind and the body. New materialism suggests that the body is the object of the mind and the two are not entirely separate but relate in one uniform continuum. It is important to regard new materialism in light of the different aspects that relate to it. For instance, by emphasizing on the primacy of the material, this new approach promotes the matter to a level that articulates various concerns that relate to the characteristic of various discourses. Other proponents of the position adopted by Coole and Frost suggest that matter feels, suffers, yearns, conv erses, desires, and remembers. Following this position, it is possible to demonstrate that the essence of all reality is resident in matter. The arguments presented by Coole and Frost have the effect of affirming the cultural theory by challenging the foundations on which modernism and post-modernism are founded. The elimination of the Cartesian divide between the mind and the body resolves one of the fundamental philosophical problems that continue to engage different schools of philosophers. It might be argued that the weight of the evidence presented in the work of the two philosophers draws significantly from the ordinary experiences and the transformations in reality as manifest in the emerging changes in nearly all spheres of life. The focus on matter changes the course of the debate between the essence of the body in ways that redefine a wide range of discourses including feminism, gender differences, sexuality, and other realities that seek to demonstrate the link between th e mind, the self, and the body (Dyke, 1987, p. 106). Another important problem that the two philosophers seek to explore is the place of justice and ethics within the context of new materialism. Their perspectives on this matter are that the values of justice and ethics are part of matter as understood within the bigger picture of materialism. This position is

Socioeconomic Influences On Learning And Development

Socioeconomic Influences On Learning And Development The factors that can affect learning and development Children’s development can be affected positively and negatively by a variety of different factors. These factors can take place externally and have a significant effect on a child’s life chances. Early years workers should have an understanding of the factors affecting learning and development of the children in their care. Factors that can affect learning and development are deveined into social environmental, economic and physical factors. Social Factors Social factors are those which involve communication with others. Children are very sociable and mix with others in a range of situations. Family The family unit is a small reflection of the wider society. Within a family unit, primary socialisation occurs in which, acceptable norms and values are introduced to children. The norms and values that young children learn from their family will initially believe that the way these are transmitted to them, are the same in all families. This supports the idea of ethnocentrism, in which in this case, the child’s culture is ‘normal’ while others are inferior. The experience within a child’s home has a direct impact on their life chances. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), early childhood is the utmost thorough time of a child’s brain development. In the first three years, a childs brain is highly sensitive to external factors (social, environmental, economic and physical factors etc.), for example, a family that doesn’t deliver a stimulating environment for children by not communicating regularly to enhance language development and does not develop a healthy bond with their child. This can result in the child being behind their developmental milestones. WHO informs families that a child who experiences a stressful environment is more likely to experience learning disabilities and have an increased risk of developing a stress-related illness such as; depression. Family structures include; Extended families Foster families One-parent families Step-families Shared-care families Nuclear families A child’s family has the responsibility to provide for a child’s needs. These include; Food and drink A home or shelter Warmth and clothing Love and companionship Protection and support Care and training A safe, secure environment in which they can develop encouragement Children depend on their family to provide them with the care and provision required to progress. The bond established between a baby and their parents or primary carer has a direct influence on development. Children who have a protected connection commonly develop into joyful, well balanced individuals. Those who have bad bond may experience difficulties with their growth. Children, who live in a pleasant, comforting family, in which the parents give inspiration, will benefit in their learning and development. In modern society the structure of the family can vary. This can again have an impact on a child’s learning and development. A child who lives in a one-parent family may not receive the same level of attention, as a child who lives in an extended family, (where grandparents live in their home together with their parents). A child whose parents have separated may experience stress, in which a child living in a nuclear family may not as it consists of both parents. Step families might generate difficulties for children because they have separated loyalties and may not get on with their step parent due to hatred. Shared care families, where children spend time with each of their parents in different homes, may produce a sense of insecurity and not knowing where they belong. Foster families care for children on a short-term basis and children may have suffered some form of distress before going there, such traumas can include; death of a family member, a type of abuse etc. Not kno wing whether they will stay or return to their parents can cause children to become distraught and confused. In addition, the family determine the language that is learnt and how language is expressed by a child. Bernstein identified two types of language codes, firstly, the elaborated code where children were able to communicate with the wider society more effectively. Secondly, the restricted code could not make progress and children’s speech was complex to understand. The language taught or used within a household is a child’s norm therefore they too are likely to use the same language with others. For example, if swearing is used within a family household, the child will believe this is acceptable to use in society. Young children find it difficult to make changes which are against the norms, values and culture of their family. The family will also have an impact on children’s attitudes and aspirations towards education. Some families, value education highly and are aware that education is vital to social success and economic stability in adult life. Such families e ncourage learning among their children as a positive experience and aspire to provide their children with the best suitable opportunities within education. Furthermore, they are likely to use early year’s provision as a way to extend their children’s learning and social skills, in preparation to school. This will give them an advantage to others. Parental guidance and support is essential to have an impact on their children’s attitude to education this can be positive or negative among children. In contrast, some families believe education is not necessary. Through this, children are less likely to attend early year’s provision and as a result are less prepared for the demands of school. Research has suggested that in some families where the parents have not worked education is not valued. Whatever family structure a child lives in, the family ought to make sure that they have the care, education and support they need. The culture, beliefs and values of a family have a direct influence on the learning and development of a child. Behaviour and moral values are learnt through primary socialisation within the family. Norms of behaviour are every so often imitated from other members of the family. As a child grows and develops, they mirror their upbringing in their personal characteristics. Environmental Factors Environmental factors are those linked to where a child lives, plays or attends for activities and education. Location The location where children live and grow up is a central part in their learning and development. It regulates the facilities they can access, the activities they can take part in, the ease with which they can visit friends and extended family members, their education, their behaviour, visits they can go on and opportunities they have for social communication. Families living in rural areas have access to many natural learning environments which can enhance their learning and development. Their interaction with nature and wildlife may compensate for any lack of facilities they experience. Nevertheless, children who grow up in a rural area may have limited facilities and have to travel to access early year’s education settings or other learning environments. Families that live in urban areas are likely to have more access to early year’s settings, have a variety of learning opportunities such as; playgrounds, museums, zoos and other areas of interest, have better transport networks to get to other places of interest quicker. They have access to a wide variety of facilities and activities close to where they live, which could enhance their leaning and development. However, children who live in an urban area may experience social deprivation and have to cope with high crime rates and vandalism. Children living in high rise flats have limited space to play in and may not experience playing outdoors because it is difficult for parents to supervise them. In addition, urban areas consist of many families living in poverty, due to poorly cramped housing conditions such as; children living in high levelled flats are restricted the opportunity to get fresh air and play and explore the environment. Individual’s health is at risk due to; pollution form vehicle exhaust and bi-products of industry. Statistics show that there are more one parent families living in inner city areas, and that these have limited access to family support networks. People often feel socially isolated, even though they are living in an area of high population, as neighbourhoods in today’s society do not always form the extended network they had used to. This may reduce the opportunities for interaction between children and adults. The government has recognised that these issues are having significant effect on children and their life chances. They are investing money in significantly deprived areas through the sure start scheme, with the aim of increasing access to good early year’s education. Following studies carried out by environmental and developmental psychologist Gary Evans, a Cornell University professor. Loud, overcrowded living conditions may damagingly have an impact on a childs social and emotional development. Research suggests that these environments ever so often resulted in parents communicating much less to children, for example, due to this infants and toddlers, will have few communication skills which will influence ability to connect with other people and build friendships. Children do not chose the location they live in and have to rely on the opportunities they have to aid their learning and development. Parents have a responsibility to ensure that wherever they live, their children do not feel deprived and can have a range of experiences to aid their development. This may involve taking them to activities in the car or on the bus if there is a distance to travel, supervising them wherever they are and being inventive with the activities they provide themselves. According to the World Health Organization, an intellectually stimulating environment aids social and emotional development by enhancing cognitive/intellectual development. They urge that a stimulating environment does not need a lot of money to produce, for example, parents can provide babies and toddlers with a harmless clean area to explore a few attention-grabbing toys and some baby-safe household items that produce noise and exploration. Economic Factors Economic factors can have a huge impact on the development of a child. Children cost money, as they require housing, food, clothes, toys and activities. Income Family income has a major influence on the opportunities children could have. It will impact the area which a child lives, the quality of food they eat, the toys they have access to in the home and learning opportunities they experience outside the home. The income of families differs significantly. One family may have two incomes, if both parents are working, whereas others may be dependent on benefits from the government. The children in both families have basic needs which should be met. A family must balance their income with necessary expenses, which consists of cautious budgeting. The amount of disposable income is the money left after the essentials are paid for, these can include; food, housing, clothing etc. The amount of disposable income left over will affect other factors such; outings, holidays, memberships of clubs and extracurricular activities that children may aspire to take part in (for example, swimming, dancing lessons etc.). Buying or renting a house or flat is one of the largest expenses a family may encounter. Some children may live in damp, overcrowded conditions in which children are restricted to play and be active while others may have a big house with central heating and a garden where children may play safely. These differences will affect the development of the child and the experiences/opportunities they have to improve their learning. Diet can also be affected by the income of a family. Children require a balanced diet with all the essential nutrients for growth and development. Some children may be deprived of the crucial nutrients if their parents cannot afford to buy fresh, healthy foods; this has an impact on a child’s development. Children whose parents both work might have a diet that consists of convenience foods that are not healthy. A child’s diet can also have a direct impact on their ability to learn, for example, if they skip breakfast they are very likely to be exhausted and unable to concentrate in school, yet a child who eats a healthy diet will be much more attentive and encouraged to learn. Evidence shows that parents will model unhealthy eating habits for their children, who are also dependent on their parents for what is put on the food table. Therefore, this suggests that parents must be healthy role models to ensure their children are too. Clothing is vital to preserve self-respect and keep children warm. Young children grow rapidly and every so often grow out of clothes before they are even old and worn out. Stylish clothing can be very expensive and children can experience peer pressure from others or even be bullied if they do not follow the popular trends. Therefore, this has a direct impact on their social and emotional development. In some cases, children may demand expensive clothing from their parents, who may be having trouble budgeting their income; this can affect the relationship between the child and parents and may lead to conflict with the child and parents being pressured. A University of California at Davis Center for Poverty Research study shows that how a mother responds to economic stress affects her childs social and emotional health. Mothers that respond negatively were more likely to have negative communication with their child/children. Researchers found over the long term, â€Å"a mother’s depressive symptoms are a better predictor of social competence than both income and education.† How parents cope with financial stress can have a stronger effect on childrens social and emotional development. Physical Factors When infants and children are poorly they become irritated and are incapable to understand new concepts; they may have trouble carrying out tasks that they could normally do easily before feeling unwell, for example even having a cold or a childhood illness such as; chicken pox or measles and cause specific problems. Disability Individuals that work with children and young people must have knowledge and understanding of the values of care, especially trying to ensure that they construct an environment and atmosphere that is beneficial to everybody. Practice means that the care setting will grow into a reality for children, families and colleagues. This can be achieved by; Displaying positive images of all people, for example, those with disabilities are shown positively in books and other materials Inspiring children to use their ideal language when participating in activities Singing in diverse languages to familiarise children with hearing different languages Having a care worker who could communicate using sign language or braille Ensuring children with physical disabilities have full access to all of the activities and equipment available within settings The arrangement of the activities might need to be altered within care settings, to ensure that children who do have physical disabilities can access all areas, for example, moving tables or having furniture of different heights. A variety of specialist equipment has been established to enable children with special needs to play and learn together with other children, for example, adjustable chairs or painting easels. Bibliography A03 Prendergast Sixth Form AS GCE Health and Social Care Six Unit Award Unit Specification Grading Criteria- 3.6 AS Unit F915: Working in Early Years Care and Education pages 27-30 Unit F915- Assessment Evidence Grid and Amplification of Criteria pages 114-118 Applied AS Health and Social Care Revised Edition Angela Fisher, Carol Blackmore, Stuart McKie, Mary Riley, Stephen Seamons, Marion Tyler OXFORD OCR pages 216-228 Unit 6 Working in Early Years Care and Education (6.2.4) GCE AS Level Double Award AS Level for OCR Health Social Care series editor Neil Moonie first published 2005 Unit 6 Working in Early Years and Education Pages 264-270 https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+milestone https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+solitary+play https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+parallel+play https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+cooperative+play http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/schoolgate/helpfromhome/content/2howchildrenlearn.shtml http://www.silkysteps.com/pages-activities/articles-children-learning/childrens-learning-styles-VAK-model-visual-auditory-kinaesthetic.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_learning http://www.babycenter.com/0_the-physical-learner_67832.bc http://www.babycenter.com/0_the-visual-learner_67824.bc?page=1 http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/childrens-development-influenced-external-factors-6727.html http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/environmental-cultural-social-factors-influence-motor-skill-development-children-19655.html http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/environmental-factors-affect-social-emotional-development-23019.html http://mom.me/parenting/5294-physical-factors-influence-child-development/ http://www.parenthood360.com/index.php/factors-that-affect-physical-development-in-children-8650/ http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/physical-factors-influence-child-development-18318.html 1 | Page

Electromagnetic Radiation and Infrared Waves

Move in ellipses d. Move perpendicular to the direction of the travel 3. The higher the frequency of wave, a. The lower its speed c. Greater Its amplitude b. The shorter its wavelength d. The longer its period 4. Energy from the sun reaches the earth through a. Ultraviolet waves c. Mechanical waves b. Infrared waves d. Electromagnetic waves 5. Which of the following objects will produce sound? a. Soft object b. Radio station c. Vibrating object d. object under pressure 6. Which of the following best describe a high frequency sound? a. Low pitch b. High pitch c.Low energy d. A and C 1 OF5 sounds of a. The same pitch . Lower pitch 8. A sound wave is a c. Higher pitch d. Lower then higher pitch a. Longitudinal wave c. Standing wave b. Transverse wave d. Shock wave 9. Which of the following would most likely transmit sound best? a. Steel in cabinet c. Air in your classroom b. Water in the ocean d. Water in swimming pool 10. Which of the following is NOT an electromagnetic wave? a. Infrar ed b. Radio c. Sound d. X-ray 1 1 . In terms of wavelength, which of the following best compare infrared waves from ultraviolet waves? a.Infrared waves have longer wavelength b. Infrared waves have shorter wavelength . IR waves have the same wavelength as the UV waves d. IR waves is not comparable in wavelength with the UV wave 12. Among all the electromagnetic waves, which has the highest frequency? a. Infrared radiation c. Ultraviolet b. Radio wave d. Gamma rays 13. ROYGBIV is the basic component of white light, which of the following has the highest frequency? a. Blue b. Green c. Orange d. Red 14. Which of the following is true about an object that travels 5 meters to the left, 2 meters up, then 5 meters to the right? . The displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters b. he total distance travelled by the object is equal to 12 meters c. The displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters down. d. The total distance travelled by the object is equal top meters downWaves that o ccur when the individual particles of a medium vibrate from side o side perpendicular to the direction in which the waves travel. 4. Waves that occur when the individual particles of a medium vibrate back and forth. 5. The disturbance that travel through a medium. 6. It refers to highness and lowness of sound. 7. It is how soft or how intense the sound is. 8. Vibrational frequencies beyond 20, 000 Hz. 9. Vibrations with extremely low frequency. 11 . It is the measurement of how fast an object is moving. direction. 12. Speed with 13. It refers to the length of the entire path that the object travelled. 4. It efers to the shortest distance between the object's two position. 15. A device used to measure the speed of a vehicle. 16. It refers to the distance between any successive identical part of the wave. 17. Distance travelled by the wave per second. 18. Number of waves that pass a particular point every second. frequency.

Time Management and Punctuality

THE IMPORTANCE OF PUNCUALITY punctuality is the habit of doing things exactly on time. a punctual person will be a winner wherever he or she goes. a punctual person is always one step ahead of everyone else. most people live by planning work and work plan. But if you do not stick to your word how are you to become a better person in life? Punctuality is essential for man or woman in every walk of life. for a soldier to be punctual it takes discipline and is also a great blessing. If you are punctual you will get enough time to do your work according to your plan. n combat punctuality can make all the difference between you bringing your brothers back dead or alive. Punctuality is inevitable everywhere. in business also this is very important. if you want, if you want to be a very successful businessman, you have to be very particular in being the up most punctual. the failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. if you continue to have a lack of pu nctuality it will result in complete failure in everything you do. A few major reasons are; if someone is late for a patrol or convoy that patrol might have to leave without that person. t will make that person you are relieving stay at work longer then they are supposed to, tired, sluggish for that fact. giving a high chance that whatever work that person does will be sub par and may not reach standards because of lack of sleep. punctuality also shows your chain of command that you are serious about your job and are ready and motivated to do said job to the best of your ability. some cultures have an unspoken understanding that actual deadlines are different from stated deadlines; for ex, it may be understood in a particular culture that people will turn up an hour later than the actual deadline . n this case, since everyone understands that a 1700 meeting will actually start around 1800. no one is inconvenienced when everyone turns up at 1800. what is punctuality? punctuality is t he habit of doing things exactly on time. a punctual person never faces any difficulty so far as time is concerned. you command respect and admiration of all who work with you and are an asset. everybody likes to work with you and think you have wonderful work ethic. on the contrary an unpunctual man sees himself in areas as day and are gradually filled with despair. he generally causes inconvenience to others. punctuality is the habit of being on time he rubble of being punctual is that there is nobody there to appreciate it. observing punctuality is not only a duty but is apart of good manners it is favorable to fortune reputation influence and usefulness, a little attention and energy will form the habit. so as to make it easy and delightful. punctuality is the soul business. Another example of punctuality is one of the cardinal business virtues, always insist on it in your subordinates. lack of punctuality is a theft of someone else’s time weather as an employee who is la te for work is late for work or as friends, where we have agreed to meet at a set time. f i had made a appointment with anybody, i owe him punctuality, i have no right to throw away your time as a NCO. if i do my own, unfaithfulness in the keeping of an appointment is an act of clear dishonesty. you may as well borrow a person's money as his time. lack of punctuality is a lack of respect for others. The best laid plans, the most important affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the weal of nations, honor, life itself, are daily sacrificed because somebody is behind time , there are others who put of responsibilities year after year until death takes them. f there is one virtue that should be cultivated more than another by him who would succeed in life, it is punctuality. I believe being punctual is being on time. it really is quite simple. plan to be early, and start out early. plan to arrive 15mins prior to the scheduled time, you will be on time if you always show up a quarter of a n hour before your scheduled time says then you are never wrong and that is why over this past weekend i had woken up 30 minutes prior to inform you of my check in. There is no doubt that i think failing to wake up on time shows my lack of punctuality, discipline, motivation and I will fix it.I understand the reasoning behind the 15 minutes prior rule. Non-Commissioned officers may require that time to get an assessment of their troops, and give a briefing and ensure that all personnel are present. A soldier who does not meet his timeline diminishes the teams ability to affectively accomplish the task at hand, whether it be pmcs the vehicles down at the motor pool or something as simple as area beautification. If a solder does not arrive on time he can be reported as a failure to report (FTR) and miss any necessary instructions.Then the soldier will have to be disciplined by his noncommissioned officer, which further reduces the manpower in which it would take to accomplish the days task, in a field environment, the combat effectiveness of the unrelieved guard is also reduced due to fatigue, anger, hunger, or any other plethora of reasons. puncuality is the habit of doing thinsgs exactly on time. a punctual person will be a winner wherever he or she goes. a punctual person is always one step ahead of everyone els. most people live by planning work and work plan.But if you do not stickto your word how are you to become a better person in life? Punctuality is essential for man or woman in every walk of life. for a soldier to be punctual it takes discapline and is also a great blessing. If you are punctual you will get enough time to do your work according to your plan. in combat punctuality can make all the difference between you bringing your brothers back dead or alive. Punctuality is inevitable everywhere. in business aslo this is very important. if you want, if you want to be a very successful businessman, you have to be very particular in being the up most punctual. he failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. if you continue to have a lack of punctuality it will result in complete failure in evrything you do. A few major reasons are; if someone is late for a patrol or convoy that patrol might have to leave without that person. it will make that person you are releaving stay at work longer then they are supposed to, tired, sluggishfor that fact. giving a high chance that whatever work that person does will be sub par and may not reach standards because of lack of sleep. unctuality also shows your chain of command that you are serious about your job and are ready and motivated to do said job to the best of your ability. some cultures have an unspoken understandingthat actual deadlines are different from stated deadlines; for ex, it may be understood in a particular culture that people will turn up an hour later than the actual deadline . in this case, since everyone understands that a 1700 meeting will actually startaround 1800. noone is inconvenienced when when everyone turns up at 1800. what is puncuality? unctuality is the habit of doing things exactly on time. a punctual person never faces any difficulty so far as time is concerned. you command respect and admiration of allwho work with you and are an asset. everybody likes to work with you and think you have wonderful work ethic. on the contrary an unpunctual man sees himself in areas as day and are gradually filled with dispair. he generally causes inconvenience to others. puncuality is the habbit of being on time the trubble of being punctual is that there is nobody there to appreciate it. bserving punctuality is not only a dutty but is apart of good manners it is favorable to fortune reputation influence and usfulness, a little attention and energy will form the habbit. so as to make it easy and delightful. puncuality is the soul business. Another exaple of puncuality is one of the cardinal busineess virtues, always insist on it in your subordinates. lack of puncuality is a theft of someone elses time wether as an employee who is late for work is late for work or as friends, where we have agreed to meet at a set time. f i had made a appointment with anybody, i owe him puncuality, i have no right to throw away your time as a NCO. if i do my own, unfaithfulness in the keeping of an appointment is an act of clear dishonesty. you may as well borrow a person's money as his time. lack of punctuality is a lack of respect for others. The best laid plans, the most important affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the weal of nations, honor, life itself, are dailysacrificed because somebody is behindtim. there areothers who put of responsibilities year after year untill death takes them. f there there is one virtue that should be cultivated more than another by him who would succeed in life, it is punctuality. I believe being punctual is being on time. it really is quite simple. plan to be early, and start out early. plan to arrive 15mins prior to the scheduled time, you will be on time if you always show up a quarter of an hour befor your scheduled time says then you are never wrong and that is why over this past weekend i had woken up 30 mins prior to inform you of my check in.There is no doubt that i think failing to wake up on time shows my lack of punctuality, discapline, motivationall be avoided by the soldier just arriving at the right place at the right time in the correct uniform. So as a soldier in the eighty second airborne division I plan to correct my actions accordingly. I will start with arriving thirty minutes prior instead of the original fifteen minutes prior all of this week in order to give myself the self-discipline I believe I need in order to be a good soldier Related article: 7.3 Time Management – Work File

Essay On Norma Jeane Mortenson - 1679 Words

The Unsolved Murder of Marilyn Monroe â€Å"Give a girl the right pair of shoes and she ll conquer the world†, this is one of the many quotes from Marilyn Monroe during her successful career. Unfortunately, the shoe did not fit Monroe on the date of August 5, 1962. Marilyn Monroe, or Norma Jeane Mortenson, was found naked and lifeless in her bed around five in the morning at her home in Los Angeles. The cause of her death is indoctrinated to be probable suicide. However, evidence and extensive research point all fingers to the Kennedy brothers in the murder of model and actress, Marilyn Monroe. Norma’s early life was one of the contributing factors to her intention of success. On June 1, 1926, Norma Jeane Mortenson was born in Los Angeles,†¦show more content†¦Monroe had been locked in her bedroom of her Fifth Helena Drive Household. Not much evidence supported the cause of her death at the crime scene. Upon completion of the report, it is clear that an examination of the unresolved murder is imperative. No stone will be left unturned; no avenues left unexplored. To seek justice for Marilyn Monroe and her family, an in-depth analysis must be organized in order to comprehend the data and identify a possible killer. Little Evidence was found at the crime scene to link a particular suspect. The room Monroe was murdered in seemed as if nothing ever happened. Besides a telephone in her hand, no item provided a reasoning for her death. One of the major controversies of her death was the emptiness of her stomach. During the Autopsy of her body, suicide did not cross any of the doctor s minds. â€Å"There was no pill residue in her stomach and with the number of capsules she would have to have ingested there should have been some evidence of it. What that means, Mcneil adds, is that there s a strong suspicion she might have been injected† (McNeil 1). Monroe was known to take pills but to be diagnosed with probable suicide with no pill residue in her stomach is suspicious. Not only was there no pill residue, but there was no water glass as well. Officer Clemmons, the man who was first to the scene, stated that â€Å"No water glass was initially foundShow MoreRelatedReview Of Doctor Faustus 1883 Words   |  8 PagesLawrence Crockett Mrs. Prater Honors Composition and Literature Faustian Bargain Essay I. Introduction The book â€Å"Doctor Faustus† was adapted from the play originally created by Christopher Marlowe. The play was made in the Renaissance era, an era where people weren’t primarily concerned about God nor fearing him. During this time people questioned their faith and expanded their knowledge and power, and the character Faustus was made to interpret the dangers going beyond human boundaries to have