Socioeconomic Influences On Learning And Development

Socioeconomic Influences On Learning And Development The factors that can affect learning and development Children’s development can be affected positively and negatively by a variety of different factors. These factors can take place externally and have a significant effect on a child’s life chances. Early years workers should have an understanding of the factors affecting learning and development of the children in their care. Factors that can affect learning and development are deveined into social environmental, economic and physical factors. Social Factors Social factors are those which involve communication with others. Children are very sociable and mix with others in a range of situations. Family The family unit is a small reflection of the wider society. Within a family unit, primary socialisation occurs in which, acceptable norms and values are introduced to children. The norms and values that young children learn from their family will initially believe that the way these are transmitted to them, are the same in all families. This supports the idea of ethnocentrism, in which in this case, the child’s culture is ‘normal’ while others are inferior. The experience within a child’s home has a direct impact on their life chances. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), early childhood is the utmost thorough time of a child’s brain development. In the first three years, a childs brain is highly sensitive to external factors (social, environmental, economic and physical factors etc.), for example, a family that doesn’t deliver a stimulating environment for children by not communicating regularly to enhance language development and does not develop a healthy bond with their child. This can result in the child being behind their developmental milestones. WHO informs families that a child who experiences a stressful environment is more likely to experience learning disabilities and have an increased risk of developing a stress-related illness such as; depression. Family structures include; Extended families Foster families One-parent families Step-families Shared-care families Nuclear families A child’s family has the responsibility to provide for a child’s needs. These include; Food and drink A home or shelter Warmth and clothing Love and companionship Protection and support Care and training A safe, secure environment in which they can develop encouragement Children depend on their family to provide them with the care and provision required to progress. The bond established between a baby and their parents or primary carer has a direct influence on development. Children who have a protected connection commonly develop into joyful, well balanced individuals. Those who have bad bond may experience difficulties with their growth. Children, who live in a pleasant, comforting family, in which the parents give inspiration, will benefit in their learning and development. In modern society the structure of the family can vary. This can again have an impact on a child’s learning and development. A child who lives in a one-parent family may not receive the same level of attention, as a child who lives in an extended family, (where grandparents live in their home together with their parents). A child whose parents have separated may experience stress, in which a child living in a nuclear family may not as it consists of both parents. Step families might generate difficulties for children because they have separated loyalties and may not get on with their step parent due to hatred. Shared care families, where children spend time with each of their parents in different homes, may produce a sense of insecurity and not knowing where they belong. Foster families care for children on a short-term basis and children may have suffered some form of distress before going there, such traumas can include; death of a family member, a type of abuse etc. Not kno wing whether they will stay or return to their parents can cause children to become distraught and confused. In addition, the family determine the language that is learnt and how language is expressed by a child. Bernstein identified two types of language codes, firstly, the elaborated code where children were able to communicate with the wider society more effectively. Secondly, the restricted code could not make progress and children’s speech was complex to understand. The language taught or used within a household is a child’s norm therefore they too are likely to use the same language with others. For example, if swearing is used within a family household, the child will believe this is acceptable to use in society. Young children find it difficult to make changes which are against the norms, values and culture of their family. The family will also have an impact on children’s attitudes and aspirations towards education. Some families, value education highly and are aware that education is vital to social success and economic stability in adult life. Such families e ncourage learning among their children as a positive experience and aspire to provide their children with the best suitable opportunities within education. Furthermore, they are likely to use early year’s provision as a way to extend their children’s learning and social skills, in preparation to school. This will give them an advantage to others. Parental guidance and support is essential to have an impact on their children’s attitude to education this can be positive or negative among children. In contrast, some families believe education is not necessary. Through this, children are less likely to attend early year’s provision and as a result are less prepared for the demands of school. Research has suggested that in some families where the parents have not worked education is not valued. Whatever family structure a child lives in, the family ought to make sure that they have the care, education and support they need. The culture, beliefs and values of a family have a direct influence on the learning and development of a child. Behaviour and moral values are learnt through primary socialisation within the family. Norms of behaviour are every so often imitated from other members of the family. As a child grows and develops, they mirror their upbringing in their personal characteristics. Environmental Factors Environmental factors are those linked to where a child lives, plays or attends for activities and education. Location The location where children live and grow up is a central part in their learning and development. It regulates the facilities they can access, the activities they can take part in, the ease with which they can visit friends and extended family members, their education, their behaviour, visits they can go on and opportunities they have for social communication. Families living in rural areas have access to many natural learning environments which can enhance their learning and development. Their interaction with nature and wildlife may compensate for any lack of facilities they experience. Nevertheless, children who grow up in a rural area may have limited facilities and have to travel to access early year’s education settings or other learning environments. Families that live in urban areas are likely to have more access to early year’s settings, have a variety of learning opportunities such as; playgrounds, museums, zoos and other areas of interest, have better transport networks to get to other places of interest quicker. They have access to a wide variety of facilities and activities close to where they live, which could enhance their leaning and development. However, children who live in an urban area may experience social deprivation and have to cope with high crime rates and vandalism. Children living in high rise flats have limited space to play in and may not experience playing outdoors because it is difficult for parents to supervise them. In addition, urban areas consist of many families living in poverty, due to poorly cramped housing conditions such as; children living in high levelled flats are restricted the opportunity to get fresh air and play and explore the environment. Individual’s health is at risk due to; pollution form vehicle exhaust and bi-products of industry. Statistics show that there are more one parent families living in inner city areas, and that these have limited access to family support networks. People often feel socially isolated, even though they are living in an area of high population, as neighbourhoods in today’s society do not always form the extended network they had used to. This may reduce the opportunities for interaction between children and adults. The government has recognised that these issues are having significant effect on children and their life chances. They are investing money in significantly deprived areas through the sure start scheme, with the aim of increasing access to good early year’s education. Following studies carried out by environmental and developmental psychologist Gary Evans, a Cornell University professor. Loud, overcrowded living conditions may damagingly have an impact on a childs social and emotional development. Research suggests that these environments ever so often resulted in parents communicating much less to children, for example, due to this infants and toddlers, will have few communication skills which will influence ability to connect with other people and build friendships. Children do not chose the location they live in and have to rely on the opportunities they have to aid their learning and development. Parents have a responsibility to ensure that wherever they live, their children do not feel deprived and can have a range of experiences to aid their development. This may involve taking them to activities in the car or on the bus if there is a distance to travel, supervising them wherever they are and being inventive with the activities they provide themselves. According to the World Health Organization, an intellectually stimulating environment aids social and emotional development by enhancing cognitive/intellectual development. They urge that a stimulating environment does not need a lot of money to produce, for example, parents can provide babies and toddlers with a harmless clean area to explore a few attention-grabbing toys and some baby-safe household items that produce noise and exploration. Economic Factors Economic factors can have a huge impact on the development of a child. Children cost money, as they require housing, food, clothes, toys and activities. Income Family income has a major influence on the opportunities children could have. It will impact the area which a child lives, the quality of food they eat, the toys they have access to in the home and learning opportunities they experience outside the home. The income of families differs significantly. One family may have two incomes, if both parents are working, whereas others may be dependent on benefits from the government. The children in both families have basic needs which should be met. A family must balance their income with necessary expenses, which consists of cautious budgeting. The amount of disposable income is the money left after the essentials are paid for, these can include; food, housing, clothing etc. The amount of disposable income left over will affect other factors such; outings, holidays, memberships of clubs and extracurricular activities that children may aspire to take part in (for example, swimming, dancing lessons etc.). Buying or renting a house or flat is one of the largest expenses a family may encounter. Some children may live in damp, overcrowded conditions in which children are restricted to play and be active while others may have a big house with central heating and a garden where children may play safely. These differences will affect the development of the child and the experiences/opportunities they have to improve their learning. Diet can also be affected by the income of a family. Children require a balanced diet with all the essential nutrients for growth and development. Some children may be deprived of the crucial nutrients if their parents cannot afford to buy fresh, healthy foods; this has an impact on a child’s development. Children whose parents both work might have a diet that consists of convenience foods that are not healthy. A child’s diet can also have a direct impact on their ability to learn, for example, if they skip breakfast they are very likely to be exhausted and unable to concentrate in school, yet a child who eats a healthy diet will be much more attentive and encouraged to learn. Evidence shows that parents will model unhealthy eating habits for their children, who are also dependent on their parents for what is put on the food table. Therefore, this suggests that parents must be healthy role models to ensure their children are too. Clothing is vital to preserve self-respect and keep children warm. Young children grow rapidly and every so often grow out of clothes before they are even old and worn out. Stylish clothing can be very expensive and children can experience peer pressure from others or even be bullied if they do not follow the popular trends. Therefore, this has a direct impact on their social and emotional development. In some cases, children may demand expensive clothing from their parents, who may be having trouble budgeting their income; this can affect the relationship between the child and parents and may lead to conflict with the child and parents being pressured. A University of California at Davis Center for Poverty Research study shows that how a mother responds to economic stress affects her childs social and emotional health. Mothers that respond negatively were more likely to have negative communication with their child/children. Researchers found over the long term, â€Å"a mother’s depressive symptoms are a better predictor of social competence than both income and education.† How parents cope with financial stress can have a stronger effect on childrens social and emotional development. Physical Factors When infants and children are poorly they become irritated and are incapable to understand new concepts; they may have trouble carrying out tasks that they could normally do easily before feeling unwell, for example even having a cold or a childhood illness such as; chicken pox or measles and cause specific problems. Disability Individuals that work with children and young people must have knowledge and understanding of the values of care, especially trying to ensure that they construct an environment and atmosphere that is beneficial to everybody. Practice means that the care setting will grow into a reality for children, families and colleagues. This can be achieved by; Displaying positive images of all people, for example, those with disabilities are shown positively in books and other materials Inspiring children to use their ideal language when participating in activities Singing in diverse languages to familiarise children with hearing different languages Having a care worker who could communicate using sign language or braille Ensuring children with physical disabilities have full access to all of the activities and equipment available within settings The arrangement of the activities might need to be altered within care settings, to ensure that children who do have physical disabilities can access all areas, for example, moving tables or having furniture of different heights. A variety of specialist equipment has been established to enable children with special needs to play and learn together with other children, for example, adjustable chairs or painting easels. Bibliography A03 Prendergast Sixth Form AS GCE Health and Social Care Six Unit Award Unit Specification Grading Criteria- 3.6 AS Unit F915: Working in Early Years Care and Education pages 27-30 Unit F915- Assessment Evidence Grid and Amplification of Criteria pages 114-118 Applied AS Health and Social Care Revised Edition Angela Fisher, Carol Blackmore, Stuart McKie, Mary Riley, Stephen Seamons, Marion Tyler OXFORD OCR pages 216-228 Unit 6 Working in Early Years Care and Education (6.2.4) GCE AS Level Double Award AS Level for OCR Health Social Care series editor Neil Moonie first published 2005 Unit 6 Working in Early Years and Education Pages 264-270 https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+milestone https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+solitary+play https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+parallel+play https://www.google.co.uk/#q=define+cooperative+play http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/schoolgate/helpfromhome/content/2howchildrenlearn.shtml http://www.silkysteps.com/pages-activities/articles-children-learning/childrens-learning-styles-VAK-model-visual-auditory-kinaesthetic.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_learning http://www.babycenter.com/0_the-physical-learner_67832.bc http://www.babycenter.com/0_the-visual-learner_67824.bc?page=1 http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/childrens-development-influenced-external-factors-6727.html http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/environmental-cultural-social-factors-influence-motor-skill-development-children-19655.html http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/environmental-factors-affect-social-emotional-development-23019.html http://mom.me/parenting/5294-physical-factors-influence-child-development/ http://www.parenthood360.com/index.php/factors-that-affect-physical-development-in-children-8650/ http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/physical-factors-influence-child-development-18318.html 1 | Page

Electromagnetic Radiation and Infrared Waves

Move in ellipses d. Move perpendicular to the direction of the travel 3. The higher the frequency of wave, a. The lower its speed c. Greater Its amplitude b. The shorter its wavelength d. The longer its period 4. Energy from the sun reaches the earth through a. Ultraviolet waves c. Mechanical waves b. Infrared waves d. Electromagnetic waves 5. Which of the following objects will produce sound? a. Soft object b. Radio station c. Vibrating object d. object under pressure 6. Which of the following best describe a high frequency sound? a. Low pitch b. High pitch c.Low energy d. A and C 1 OF5 sounds of a. The same pitch . Lower pitch 8. A sound wave is a c. Higher pitch d. Lower then higher pitch a. Longitudinal wave c. Standing wave b. Transverse wave d. Shock wave 9. Which of the following would most likely transmit sound best? a. Steel in cabinet c. Air in your classroom b. Water in the ocean d. Water in swimming pool 10. Which of the following is NOT an electromagnetic wave? a. Infrar ed b. Radio c. Sound d. X-ray 1 1 . In terms of wavelength, which of the following best compare infrared waves from ultraviolet waves? a.Infrared waves have longer wavelength b. Infrared waves have shorter wavelength . IR waves have the same wavelength as the UV waves d. IR waves is not comparable in wavelength with the UV wave 12. Among all the electromagnetic waves, which has the highest frequency? a. Infrared radiation c. Ultraviolet b. Radio wave d. Gamma rays 13. ROYGBIV is the basic component of white light, which of the following has the highest frequency? a. Blue b. Green c. Orange d. Red 14. Which of the following is true about an object that travels 5 meters to the left, 2 meters up, then 5 meters to the right? . The displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters b. he total distance travelled by the object is equal to 12 meters c. The displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters down. d. The total distance travelled by the object is equal top meters downWaves that o ccur when the individual particles of a medium vibrate from side o side perpendicular to the direction in which the waves travel. 4. Waves that occur when the individual particles of a medium vibrate back and forth. 5. The disturbance that travel through a medium. 6. It refers to highness and lowness of sound. 7. It is how soft or how intense the sound is. 8. Vibrational frequencies beyond 20, 000 Hz. 9. Vibrations with extremely low frequency. 11 . It is the measurement of how fast an object is moving. direction. 12. Speed with 13. It refers to the length of the entire path that the object travelled. 4. It efers to the shortest distance between the object's two position. 15. A device used to measure the speed of a vehicle. 16. It refers to the distance between any successive identical part of the wave. 17. Distance travelled by the wave per second. 18. Number of waves that pass a particular point every second. frequency.

Time Management and Punctuality

THE IMPORTANCE OF PUNCUALITY punctuality is the habit of doing things exactly on time. a punctual person will be a winner wherever he or she goes. a punctual person is always one step ahead of everyone else. most people live by planning work and work plan. But if you do not stick to your word how are you to become a better person in life? Punctuality is essential for man or woman in every walk of life. for a soldier to be punctual it takes discipline and is also a great blessing. If you are punctual you will get enough time to do your work according to your plan. n combat punctuality can make all the difference between you bringing your brothers back dead or alive. Punctuality is inevitable everywhere. in business also this is very important. if you want, if you want to be a very successful businessman, you have to be very particular in being the up most punctual. the failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. if you continue to have a lack of pu nctuality it will result in complete failure in everything you do. A few major reasons are; if someone is late for a patrol or convoy that patrol might have to leave without that person. t will make that person you are relieving stay at work longer then they are supposed to, tired, sluggish for that fact. giving a high chance that whatever work that person does will be sub par and may not reach standards because of lack of sleep. punctuality also shows your chain of command that you are serious about your job and are ready and motivated to do said job to the best of your ability. some cultures have an unspoken understanding that actual deadlines are different from stated deadlines; for ex, it may be understood in a particular culture that people will turn up an hour later than the actual deadline . n this case, since everyone understands that a 1700 meeting will actually start around 1800. no one is inconvenienced when everyone turns up at 1800. what is punctuality? punctuality is t he habit of doing things exactly on time. a punctual person never faces any difficulty so far as time is concerned. you command respect and admiration of all who work with you and are an asset. everybody likes to work with you and think you have wonderful work ethic. on the contrary an unpunctual man sees himself in areas as day and are gradually filled with despair. he generally causes inconvenience to others. punctuality is the habit of being on time he rubble of being punctual is that there is nobody there to appreciate it. observing punctuality is not only a duty but is apart of good manners it is favorable to fortune reputation influence and usefulness, a little attention and energy will form the habit. so as to make it easy and delightful. punctuality is the soul business. Another example of punctuality is one of the cardinal business virtues, always insist on it in your subordinates. lack of punctuality is a theft of someone else’s time weather as an employee who is la te for work is late for work or as friends, where we have agreed to meet at a set time. f i had made a appointment with anybody, i owe him punctuality, i have no right to throw away your time as a NCO. if i do my own, unfaithfulness in the keeping of an appointment is an act of clear dishonesty. you may as well borrow a person's money as his time. lack of punctuality is a lack of respect for others. The best laid plans, the most important affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the weal of nations, honor, life itself, are daily sacrificed because somebody is behind time , there are others who put of responsibilities year after year until death takes them. f there is one virtue that should be cultivated more than another by him who would succeed in life, it is punctuality. I believe being punctual is being on time. it really is quite simple. plan to be early, and start out early. plan to arrive 15mins prior to the scheduled time, you will be on time if you always show up a quarter of a n hour before your scheduled time says then you are never wrong and that is why over this past weekend i had woken up 30 minutes prior to inform you of my check in. There is no doubt that i think failing to wake up on time shows my lack of punctuality, discipline, motivation and I will fix it.I understand the reasoning behind the 15 minutes prior rule. Non-Commissioned officers may require that time to get an assessment of their troops, and give a briefing and ensure that all personnel are present. A soldier who does not meet his timeline diminishes the teams ability to affectively accomplish the task at hand, whether it be pmcs the vehicles down at the motor pool or something as simple as area beautification. If a solder does not arrive on time he can be reported as a failure to report (FTR) and miss any necessary instructions.Then the soldier will have to be disciplined by his noncommissioned officer, which further reduces the manpower in which it would take to accomplish the days task, in a field environment, the combat effectiveness of the unrelieved guard is also reduced due to fatigue, anger, hunger, or any other plethora of reasons. puncuality is the habit of doing thinsgs exactly on time. a punctual person will be a winner wherever he or she goes. a punctual person is always one step ahead of everyone els. most people live by planning work and work plan.But if you do not stickto your word how are you to become a better person in life? Punctuality is essential for man or woman in every walk of life. for a soldier to be punctual it takes discapline and is also a great blessing. If you are punctual you will get enough time to do your work according to your plan. in combat punctuality can make all the difference between you bringing your brothers back dead or alive. Punctuality is inevitable everywhere. in business aslo this is very important. if you want, if you want to be a very successful businessman, you have to be very particular in being the up most punctual. he failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. if you continue to have a lack of punctuality it will result in complete failure in evrything you do. A few major reasons are; if someone is late for a patrol or convoy that patrol might have to leave without that person. it will make that person you are releaving stay at work longer then they are supposed to, tired, sluggishfor that fact. giving a high chance that whatever work that person does will be sub par and may not reach standards because of lack of sleep. unctuality also shows your chain of command that you are serious about your job and are ready and motivated to do said job to the best of your ability. some cultures have an unspoken understandingthat actual deadlines are different from stated deadlines; for ex, it may be understood in a particular culture that people will turn up an hour later than the actual deadline . in this case, since everyone understands that a 1700 meeting will actually startaround 1800. noone is inconvenienced when when everyone turns up at 1800. what is puncuality? unctuality is the habit of doing things exactly on time. a punctual person never faces any difficulty so far as time is concerned. you command respect and admiration of allwho work with you and are an asset. everybody likes to work with you and think you have wonderful work ethic. on the contrary an unpunctual man sees himself in areas as day and are gradually filled with dispair. he generally causes inconvenience to others. puncuality is the habbit of being on time the trubble of being punctual is that there is nobody there to appreciate it. bserving punctuality is not only a dutty but is apart of good manners it is favorable to fortune reputation influence and usfulness, a little attention and energy will form the habbit. so as to make it easy and delightful. puncuality is the soul business. Another exaple of puncuality is one of the cardinal busineess virtues, always insist on it in your subordinates. lack of puncuality is a theft of someone elses time wether as an employee who is late for work is late for work or as friends, where we have agreed to meet at a set time. f i had made a appointment with anybody, i owe him puncuality, i have no right to throw away your time as a NCO. if i do my own, unfaithfulness in the keeping of an appointment is an act of clear dishonesty. you may as well borrow a person's money as his time. lack of punctuality is a lack of respect for others. The best laid plans, the most important affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the weal of nations, honor, life itself, are dailysacrificed because somebody is behindtim. there areothers who put of responsibilities year after year untill death takes them. f there there is one virtue that should be cultivated more than another by him who would succeed in life, it is punctuality. I believe being punctual is being on time. it really is quite simple. plan to be early, and start out early. plan to arrive 15mins prior to the scheduled time, you will be on time if you always show up a quarter of an hour befor your scheduled time says then you are never wrong and that is why over this past weekend i had woken up 30 mins prior to inform you of my check in.There is no doubt that i think failing to wake up on time shows my lack of punctuality, discapline, motivationall be avoided by the soldier just arriving at the right place at the right time in the correct uniform. So as a soldier in the eighty second airborne division I plan to correct my actions accordingly. I will start with arriving thirty minutes prior instead of the original fifteen minutes prior all of this week in order to give myself the self-discipline I believe I need in order to be a good soldier Related article: 7.3 Time Management – Work File

Essay On Norma Jeane Mortenson - 1679 Words

The Unsolved Murder of Marilyn Monroe â€Å"Give a girl the right pair of shoes and she ll conquer the world†, this is one of the many quotes from Marilyn Monroe during her successful career. Unfortunately, the shoe did not fit Monroe on the date of August 5, 1962. Marilyn Monroe, or Norma Jeane Mortenson, was found naked and lifeless in her bed around five in the morning at her home in Los Angeles. The cause of her death is indoctrinated to be probable suicide. However, evidence and extensive research point all fingers to the Kennedy brothers in the murder of model and actress, Marilyn Monroe. Norma’s early life was one of the contributing factors to her intention of success. On June 1, 1926, Norma Jeane Mortenson was born in Los Angeles,†¦show more content†¦Monroe had been locked in her bedroom of her Fifth Helena Drive Household. Not much evidence supported the cause of her death at the crime scene. Upon completion of the report, it is clear that an examination of the unresolved murder is imperative. No stone will be left unturned; no avenues left unexplored. To seek justice for Marilyn Monroe and her family, an in-depth analysis must be organized in order to comprehend the data and identify a possible killer. Little Evidence was found at the crime scene to link a particular suspect. The room Monroe was murdered in seemed as if nothing ever happened. Besides a telephone in her hand, no item provided a reasoning for her death. One of the major controversies of her death was the emptiness of her stomach. During the Autopsy of her body, suicide did not cross any of the doctor s minds. â€Å"There was no pill residue in her stomach and with the number of capsules she would have to have ingested there should have been some evidence of it. What that means, Mcneil adds, is that there s a strong suspicion she might have been injected† (McNeil 1). Monroe was known to take pills but to be diagnosed with probable suicide with no pill residue in her stomach is suspicious. Not only was there no pill residue, but there was no water glass as well. Officer Clemmons, the man who was first to the scene, stated that â€Å"No water glass was initially foundShow MoreRelatedReview Of Doctor Faustus 1883 Words   |  8 PagesLawrence Crockett Mrs. Prater Honors Composition and Literature Faustian Bargain Essay I. Introduction The book â€Å"Doctor Faustus† was adapted from the play originally created by Christopher Marlowe. The play was made in the Renaissance era, an era where people weren’t primarily concerned about God nor fearing him. During this time people questioned their faith and expanded their knowledge and power, and the character Faustus was made to interpret the dangers going beyond human boundaries to have